{"id":1473,"date":"2019-04-27T16:28:50","date_gmt":"2019-04-27T07:28:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473"},"modified":"2025-09-12T20:17:40","modified_gmt":"2025-09-12T11:17:40","slug":"%ed%8f%b4-%ed%81%ac%eb%9e%98%ed%94%8cpaul-krafel%ec%9d%98-%ed%91%9c%ed%96%89%e9%a3%84%e8%a1%8c%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8d%94-%ec%bb%a4%eb%a8%bc%ec%a6%88the-commons-01","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473","title":{"rendered":"\ud3f4 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c(Paul Krafel)\uc758 \u2018\ud45c\ud589\u2019(\u98c4\u884c)\uacfc \u2018\ub354 \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\u2019(The Commons) 01"},"content":{"rendered":"<hr \/>\n<ul>\n<li>\uc800\uc790\u00a0 :\u00a0 Paul Krafel<\/li>\n<li>\ucc45 : <a href=\"https:\/\/roamingupward.net\/\"><i>Roaming Upward : The Quest of a Naturalist<\/i><\/a><\/li>\n<li>\ubd84\ub958 : \ub0b4\uc6a9 \uc18c\uac1c<\/li>\n<li>\uc18c\uac1c\uc790 : \uc815\ubc31\uc218<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>0.<\/p>\n<p>\ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc740 \uc720\uba85\ud55c \ud559\uc790\ub098 \uc774\ub860\uac00\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\uace0 \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc2dc\uace8\uc758 \ucd08\uc911\ub4f1\uad50\uc721\uc744 \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \ud559\uad50\uc758 \uc124\ub9bd\uc790\uc774\uc790 \uad50\uc0ac\uc77c \ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc790\uc2e0\uc744 &#8216;\uc790\uc5f0\uc8fc\uc758\uc790'(naturalist)\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4. \u2018\uc0b6\uc758 \ud669\uae08\uc11c'(golden Book of Life)\ub97c \uc790\uc5f0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77d\uc5b4\ub0b8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc11c\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc5b4\ub290 \ub0a0 \uc57c\uac04 \ud558\uc774\ud0b9 \ub3c4\uc911, \uc7a0\uae50 \uc7a0\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uafbc \uafc8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774 \u2018\uc0b6\uc758 \ud669\uae08\uc11c&#8217;\ub97c \uac74\ub124\ubc1b\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\uc774 \ucc45\uc5d0\ub294 \uc0b6\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc2e4\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub2f5\uc774 \ub2f4\uaca8 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub098\uc5d0\uac8c \uac74\ub124\uc84c\uc744 \ub54c \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uc774 \uc2e4\uc81c\uc131(realness)\uc758 \uc544\uc6b0\ub77c\ub85c \ud669\uae08\ube5b \ucc2c\ub780\ud558\uac8c \ube5b\ub098\ub294 \ucc45\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 \uacbd\uc774\ub85c\uc6cc\ud558\uba70 \uc774 \ubb34\uac70\uc6b4 \ucc45\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc5c8\uace0 \ucd95\ubcf5\ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4\ub294 \ub290\ub08c\uc73c\ub85c \ucc45\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uac70\uae30\uc5d0, \ubc14\ub85c \uac70\uae30\uc5d0 \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc9c0\ud61c\uac00, &lt;\uc0b6&gt;(Life)\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub300\ub2f5\ub4e4\uc774 \uc4f0\uc5ec \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub807\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub098\ub294 \ubcf4\uace0 \ub290\ub084 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uadf8 \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub294 \ub0b4\uac00 \uc77d\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc600\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 \ucc45\uc7a5\ub4e4\uc744 \ub118\uae30\uba70 \ucc45\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ud45c\uc2dc\ub41c \uac83\ub4e4\uc744 \ubcf4\uc558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc544\ubb34 \uac83\ub3c4 \uacc4\uc2dc\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uc88c\uc808\uac10\uc744 \uc8fc\ub9ac\ub77c\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ub420\uc9c0 \ubaa8\ub974\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8\ub807\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4. \u2018\uc774 \ucc45\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \uc874\uc7ac\ud574, \ub300\ub2f5\uc774 \uac70\uae30 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c \uc77d\uc73c\uba74 \ub418\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc77d\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc744 \ubfd0\uc774\uc57c\u2019\ub77c\ub294 \ub290\ub08c\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc2e4\uc81c\uc131\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\uc9c0 \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \ubabb \uc54d\ub294 \ub098\uc758 \ub2a5\ub825\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ud6c4 \uadf8\uc758 \uc0b6\uc740 \uc774 \ucc45\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc870\uae08\uc529 \uc54c\uc544\uac00\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub798\uc11c \uadf8\uac00 \uc790\uc5f0\uc744 \uc815\ucc98 \uc5c6\uc774 \ub3cc\uc544\ub2e4\ub2c8\uae30[\ud45c\ud589(\u98c4\u884c)]\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ub294 \uc778\uac04 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc640\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \uacf3\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c, \u2018\ubcc4\uc720\ucc9c\uc9c0\ube44\uc778\uac04(\u5225\u6709\u5929\u5730\u975e\u4eba\u9593)\u2019\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 \uc790\uc5f0\uc744 \ucc2c\ubbf8\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac00 \ub9d0\ud558\ub294 \uc0b6\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc790\uc5f0\uacfc \uc778\uac04\uc774 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc790\uc5f0\uacfc \uc778\uac04\uc774, \uc544\ub2c8 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc0dd\uba85\uccb4\ub4e4\uc774 \ud611\ub3d9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc5f0\uacb0\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub294 \uad00\uacc4\ub4e4\uc758 \ucd1d\uccb4\ub97c \uadf8\ub294 &lt;\ub354 \ucee4\uba3c\uc988&gt;(The Commons)\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc77c\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ub098\ub294 &lt;\ub354 \ucee4\uba3c\uc988&gt;\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub97c \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub9d0\ub85c \ub0b4\uac00 \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740, \uc9c0\uad6c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc744 \uacc4\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c1\uc2b9\uc2dc\ucf1c\uc11c \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc0b6\uc744 \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ud558\ub294 &lt;\uc0b6&gt;\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\ub4e4\uacfc \uae30\ub2a5\ub4e4 \uc804\ubd80\uc774\ub2e4. \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\ub294 \ub098\uc758 \uae00\ub808\uc774\uc154\ubca0\uc774 \ubb3c\uc74c<span style=\"color: #339966;\">[&#8220;\uc721\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ucd9c\ud604\ud55c \uc0dd\uba85\uc774 \uc721\uc9c0\ub97c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ucf30\ub294\uac00?&#8221;\u2015\uc778\uc6a9\uc790]<\/span>\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub300\ub2f5\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec\uc774\ub2e4. &lt;\uc0b6&gt;\uc758 \ucd9c\ud604\uc774 \uc9c0\uad6c\ub97c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ucf30\ub294\uac00? &lt;\uc0b6&gt;\uc740 \ud750\ub984\uc758 \ube44\uc728\uc744 \ubc14\uafb8\ub294 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \ud574\uc11c \uc0b0\uc18c\uac00 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc788\ub294 \ub300\uae30, \ub2f4\uc218, \ube44\uc625\ud55c \ud1a0\uc591, \uc232\uc774 \ucd95\uc801\ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \ud588\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc8fc\uc704\uc758 \u2018\uc0ac\ubb3c\ub4e4\u2019\u2015\ud574\uc218\uba74, \ub300\uae30\ud654\ud559, \ud45c\uce35\ud1a0\uc591, \uc9c0\ud558\uc218, \uc232, \ud574\ubcc0, \uc601\uad6c \ub3d9\ud1a0\uce35\u2015\uc740 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc0c1\uc704\uc218\uc900\uc758 \uc5ed\ub3d9\uc801 \ud3c9\ud615\uc774\uba70, \uc2ec\uce35\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \uc720\uc785\uacfc \uc720\ucd9c\uc758 \uc0c1\ub300\uc801 \uade0\ud615\ub4e4\uc758 \ud45c\ud604\uc774\ub2e4. \ubc14\ub85c \uc774 \uc0c1\ub300\uc801 \uade0\ud615\uc744 \uc0dd\uba85\uc774 \uc218\uc5b5 \ub144\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0\uc11c \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ucf1c\uc628 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. &lt;\ub354 \ucee4\uba3c\uc988&gt;\ub294 \ud604\uc7ac \u00b7\u00b7\u00b7 \ud654\uc131\uc758 \ub300\uae30\uc640\ub294 \ub2ec\ub9ac \uc5f4\uc5ed\ud559\uc801 \ud3c9\ud615\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc0c1\uc704\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294, \uc0dd\uba85\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ucc3d\ucd9c\ub41c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\ub4e4\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ub807\uac8c \uadf8\uc758 \uc9c0\ud61c\uc758 \uc815\uc810\uc5d0 &lt;\ub354 \ucee4\uba3c\uc988&gt;\ub77c\ub294 \uc0dd\uac01\uc774 \uc790\ub9ac\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub098\ub294 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc774 \uc790\uae30 \ub098\ub984\ub300\ub85c \uae68\ub2ec\uc740 \ubc14\ub97c \uc18c\uac1c\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. (\uadf8\ub294 \ubb38\uc7a5\uc758 \ub9e8 \uc55e\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc\ub370\ub3c4 \u2018The Commons\u2019\ub77c\uace0 \u2018t\u2019\ub97c \ub300\ubb38\uc790\ub85c \uc4f0\ub294 \uacbd\ud5a5\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4. \u2018c\u2019\ub294 \ubb3c\ub860 \ud56d\uc0c1 \ub300\ubb38\uc790\uc774\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n<p>\ub0b4\uac00 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc744 \uc54c\uac8c \ub41c \uac83\ub3c4 \u2018\ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \uc6b4\ub3d9\u2019\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc8fc\ubaa9\uc758 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc77c\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 \ube14\ub85d\uccb4\uc778\uc774 \uac00\uc9c4 P2P \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc5d0 \uc8fc\ubaa9\uc744 \ud558\ub2e4\uac00 \ud640\ub85c\uccb4\uc778(Holochain)\uc744 \uc54c\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uace0 \ud640\ub85c\uccb4\uc778\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc288\ud2f0(Matthew Schutti, \ud640\ub85c\uccb4\uc778 \ud64d\ubcf4\uc774\uc0ac[Director of Communications])\uc758 \ube44\ub514\uc624 \ub450 \uac1c(Holochain: Interview with Matthew Schutte, Director of Communications (HOT Cryptocurrency <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=cGSCSFjDiss\">I\ubd80<\/a>\uc640 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=iZqPPDvihxY\">II\ubd80<\/a>)\ub97c \ubcf4\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ube44\ub514\uc624\uc758 \ub4b7\ubd80\ubd84\uc5d0\uc11c \uc288\ud2f0\ub294 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc758 \ucc45 <i>Seeing Nature<\/i>\uc640 \uae30\uc220\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacb0\ucf54 \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub098\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ube44\ub514\uc624 <i>Upward Spiral<\/i>\uc744 \uc18c\uac1c\ud588\ub294\ub370 \ub098\ub294 \uc774 \ube44\ub514\uc624\ub97c \ucc3e\uc544\ubcf4\uace0 \ud070 \uac10\uba85\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4. \uace7 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc758 \ud648\ud398\uc774\uc9c0(<a href=\"http:\/\/krafel.info\/\">http:\/\/krafel.info<\/a>)\ub85c \uac00\uc11c \uadf8\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc870\uae08 \ub354 \uc54c\uac8c \ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70 \ub2f9\uc7a5 \uadf8\uc758 \ucc45 <i>Seeing Nature<\/i>\ub97c \uc8fc\ubb38\ud588\uace0 \uac70\uae30 html\ud30c\uc77c\ub85c \uc62c\ub824\uc838 \uc788\ub294 \uc6f9\ubd81 <a href=\"https:\/\/roamingupward.net\/\"><i>Roaming Upward<\/i><\/a>\ub97c \uc989\uc2dc \uc77d\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\ub2e4. (\ubc31\uc218\uc758 \uc88b\uc740 \uc810\uc774 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \u2018\uc989\uc2dc\u2019\uac00 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc790\uc8fc \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4\ub294 \ub370 \uc788\ub2e4!) \ucc45\uc744 \uc77d\uace0 \uadf8 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uacf5\uc720\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc88b\uaca0\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0dd\uac01\uc744 \ud588\ub294\ub370, \uacf5\uc720\uc758 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ubc29\uc2dd \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \uc989\uc2dc \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uac83\uc774 \uadf8 \ud575\uc2ec \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc774 \ube14\ub85c\uadf8\uc5d0 \uc62c\ub9ac\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc758 \uc9c0\ud61c\uac00 \uc18c\uac1c\uc5d0 \uac12\ud558\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub294 \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ube44\uadf9\uc801 \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\uc81c\ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \u2018\ud76c\ub9dd\u2019\uc758 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ub370 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \ube44\ub85d \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc774\ub860, \uc0dd\ud0dc\uacfc\ud559\uc744 \ub9d0\ud558\uace0 \uc5f4\uc5ed\ud559\ubc95\uce59\uc744 \ub9d0\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ub294 \uc774\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2ec\uc624\ud55c \ucc28\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc54c\uae30 \uc27d\uace0 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uc804\ub2ec\ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uae30\ub2a5\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \uadf8\uc758 \uc9c0\ud61c\ub294 10\uc5ec \uac1c\uc758 \uc694\uacb0\ub85c \uc555\ucd95\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub294\ub370(\uac00\ub839, \u2018\uc704\uce58\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ubc29\ud5a5\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud558\ub2e4,\u2019 \u2018\uc0b6\uc740 \ud45c\ud589\uc774\ub2e4\u2019 \ub4f1), \uc774\ub294 \ud478\uaf2c\uac00 \ub9d0\ub144\uc5d0 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud588\ub358 \uacac\uc720\uc8fc\uc758(Cynicism)\uac00 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uad70\ub354\ub354\uae30 \uad50\ub9ac\ub4e4\uc740 \ub2e4 \ube7c\ubc84\ub9ac\uace0 \uc624\uc9c1 \uc0b6\uc758 \uc2e4\ucc9c\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uacb0\ub418\ub294 \uc694\uacb0\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uadf8 \ucca0\ud559\uc744 \uc555\ucd95\ud55c \uac83\uacfc \ube44\uc2b7\ud558\ub2e4. (\ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc5d0\uac8c \uacac\uc720\uc8fc\uc758\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc778\uc2dd\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ub9d0\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.) \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ud2b8\ub798\ud50c\uc758 \uc9c0\ud61c\ub97c \uc18c\uac1c\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 \uc774\ub294 \ub2e4\uc911\uc774 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uc815\uce58\uc778 \uc0b6\uc815\uce58\ub97c \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \uc138\uc6b0\ub294 \ub370 \ud070 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub418\ub9ac\ub77c\ub294 \uc0dd\uac01\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc758 \uc9c0\ud61c\ub294 \ub9d0\ud558\uc790\uba74 \uc0b6\uc815\uce58\ub860\uacfc \ud611\ub3d9 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uc0ac\uc720\uc758 \ud45c\ud604\uc778 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>(\ud640\ub85c\uccb4\uc778\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae00\uc774 \uc774 \ube14\ub85c\uadf8\uc5d0 \ud55c, \ub450 \uac1c \uc62c\ub77c \uc788\uae30\ub294 \ud55c\ub370 \ube14\ub85d\uccb4\uc778\uacfc \uc81c\ub300\ub85c \ube44\uad50\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc544\uc9c1 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc2e4 \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc900\ube44\ud55c \uaf2d\uc9c0\uac00 \ub450. \uc138 \uac1c \uc788\ub294\ub370, \ubc14\ube60\uc11c \uc544\uc9c1 \uc644\uc131\ud558\uc5ec \uc62c\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc815\uc774 \ud5c8\ub77d\ud558\ub294 \ub300\ub85c \ud640\ub85c\uccb4\uc778\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ube14\ub85d\uccb4\uc778\uacfc \uac19\uace0 \ub2e4\ub974\uba70, \uc65c \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \ud640\ub85c\uccb4\uc778\uc5d0 \ub354 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub294 \uae00\u2015\ubc88\uc5ed\uc774\ub4e0 \uc815\ub9ac\ub4e0\u2015\uc744 \uc62c\ub9b4 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n<p>1.<\/p>\n<p>\ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc740 \ub0a8\ub4e4 \uc0ac\ub294 \ub300\ub85c \ub530\ub77c \uc0b4\ub2e4\uac00 \ubcf4\ub2c8 \ub300\ud559 \uc878\uc5c5 \uc804 \uba87 \uc8fc \ub3d9\uc548, \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc0b4\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc544\ubb34\ub7f0 \ub2e8\uc11c\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc600\ub2e4\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4. (\uadf8\ub294 \ucc45\uc758 \ub9e8 \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \uc7a5 \u201cThe Next Morning\u201d\uc5d0\uc11c \ud604\uc7ac \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 60\ub300 \ud6c4\ubc18\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4. \ucc45\uc758 1\uc7a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uba74 \ub300\ud559 \uc878\uc5c5\ud55c \ud574 \ud639\uc740 \uadf8 \ub2e4\uc74c \ud574\uac00 \uc120\uac70\uac00 \uc788\ub358 1972\ub144\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud558\ub2c8 \uc544\ub9c8 2019\ub144 \ud604\uc7ac \uac70\uc758 70\uc774 \ub2e4 \ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \ub4ef\ud558\ub2e4.) \uadf8\ub294 \ub2f9\uc2dc \ub2c9\uc2a8\uc744 \ub099\uc120\uc2dc\ucf1c \uc6d4\ub0a8 \uc804\uc7c1\uc744 \ub05d\ub0b4\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub9e5\uac70\ubc88(George McGovern)\uc744 \ub3c4\uc654\ub294\ub370, \uc120\uac70\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2c9\uc2a8\uc774 \ub2f9\uc120\ud558\uace0 \uac8c\ub2e4\uac00 \uc2e4\uc5f0\uae4c\uc9c0 \uacb9\uccd0\uc11c \uc758\uae30\uc18c\uce68\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ub358 \uadf8\uc5d0\uac8c \uc804\ud658\uc758 \uacc4\uae30\ub97c \uac00\uc838\ub2e4 \uc900 \uac83\uc740 \ud55c \ub9c8\ub9ac \uc0c8\uc600\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uadf8\ub294 \uc544\ubc84\uc9c0\uc758 \uc0ac\uc5c5(\ud63c\ud569 \uc0ac\ub8cc \ud310\ub9e4)\uc744 \ub3c4\uc640\uc11c \ud2b8\ub7ed\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\ub8cc\ub97c \uc5ec\uae30\uc800\uae30 \uc6b4\ubc18\ud574\uc8fc\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc6b4\ubc18\ud558\uace0 \ub098\uc11c \uc624\uba74\uc11c \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 \ud2b8\ub7ed\uc744 \ub108\ubb34 \ube68\ub9ac \ubab0\uc544\uc11c \u2018\ub0b4\uac00 \ud639\uc2dc \uc790\uc0b4 \ucda9\ub3d9\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2cc\uac00\u2019\ud558\ub294 \uc0dd\uac01\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \ubc18\ubc15\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc790\uc2e0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uacf0\uacf0\uc774 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub2e4\uac00 \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 \ud558\uace0 \uc2f6\uc740 \uac83\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubc1c\uacac\ud558\uace0\ub294 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \ub180\ub780\ub2e4. \ub531 \ud558\ub098, \ud558\uace0 \uc2f6\uc740 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uac01\ub098\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc5b4\ub9b4 \ub54c\ubd80\ud130 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub358, \uc648\ub8f0\ub77c(Wallula) \uc808\ubcbd[\uc6cc\uc2f1\ud134 \uc8fc\uc758 \uc648\ub77c\uc648\ub77cWalla Walla \uce74\uc6b4\ud2f0 \uc18c\uc7ac]\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \ud558\uc774\ud0b9\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. (\uadf8\ub294 \uadf8 \uadfc\ucc98\ub97c \uc218\ubc31 \ubc88 \uc9c0\ub098\ub2e4\ub154\ub2e4\uace0 \ud55c\ub2e4.) \uadf8\ub294 \uc5bc\ub9c8 \ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc774 \ud558\uc774\ud0b9\uc744 \uc2e4\ud589\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc18c\ud55c \uac83\uc77c\uc9c0\ub77c\ub3c4 \uc790\uae30\uac00 \ud558\uace0 \uc2f6\uc740 \uac83\uc744 \ud558\uc790\ub294 \uacb0\uc2ec\uc5d0\uc11c\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc808\ubcbd\uc758 \uc554\ubd95(ledge)\uc5d0 \ubc30\uc5f4\ud574\uc11c \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc774\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \ud55c \ubb34\ub9ac\uc758 \uc0c8\ub4e4\uc744 \ubcf4\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\ub098\ub294 \ub354 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \ubcf4\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \ubc30\ub97c \ub545\uc5d0 \ub300\uace0 \uc5ce\ub4dc\ub824\uc11c \uace0\uac1c\ub97c \uac00\uc7a5\uc790\ub9ac \ub108\uba38\ub85c \uad6c\ubd80\ub838\ub2e4. \uace7 \uc0c8\ub4e4 \uac01\uac01\uc744 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \ucda9\ubd84\ud788 \uac00\uae5d\uac8c \uc654\ub2e4. \ud76c\ud55c\ud55c \uc791\uc740 \uc0c8\ub4e4\u2015\uba38\ub9ac\ub294 \ud68c\uc0c9\uc774\uace0 \uae43\ud138\uc774 \uac08\uc0c9\uc778, \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub0a0\uac1c\ub97c \ud30c\ub2e5\uac70\ub9b4 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294\u00b7\u00b7\u00b7\ubd84\ud64d\uc0c9? \ub098\ub294 \uc0c8\ub4e4\uc774 \ud30c\ub2e5\uac70\ub9ac\uba70 \ub354 \uac00\uae4c\uc774 \ub2e4\uac00\uc624\uac8c \ub418\uc790 \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \uc791\uc740 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \uc9d1\uc911\ud588\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub54c \uc0c8\ub4e4 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \ud558\ub098\uac00 \uaca8\uc6b0 3\ud53c\ud2b8 \uc815\ub3c4 \uc544\ub798\uc5d0 \ucc29\uc9c0\ud588\ub2e4. \uba87 \uc778\uce58 \uc548 \ub418\ub294 \uadf8 \uc0c8\uc758 \uae38\uc774\uc640 \uadf8 \uc554\ubd95\uc5d0 \ub098\uc758 \uc758\uc2dd\uc774 \uc9d1\uc911\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ubd84\ud64d\uc0c9 \uc18d\uae43\ud138\uc758 \uac00\uc7a5\uc790\ub9ac\ub4e4\uc774 \ube60\ub054 \ubcf4\uc600\ub2e4. \uc0c8\ub294 \uba38\ub9ac\ub97c \ud55c \ucabd\uc73c\ub85c \uae30\uc6b8\uc774\uace0 \ud55c \ucabd \ub208\uc73c\ub85c \uc544\ub798\ub97c \ud6d1\uc5b4\ubcf4\uba70 \ubc14\ub78c\uc5d0 \ub0a0\ub9b0 \uc528\uc557\ub4e4\uc744 \ucc3e\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0 \ub2e4\ub978 \ucabd \ub208\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \uc62c\ub824\ub2e4 \ubcf4\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub294\ub370, \uc544\ub9c8 \ub098\ub97c \ubcf4\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\uc744\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ub978\ub2e4. \uc0c8\ub294 \ub0a0\uac1c\ub97c \uc644\uc804\ud788 \uc811\uace0\ub294 \uc554\ubd95\uc744 \uc544\ubb34\ub807\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc54a\uac8c \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub0b4\ub824 \uc2dc\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ub77c\uc84c\ub2e4. \uadf8\uc5d0 \uc751\ud558\uc5ec \ub0b4 \ubc43\uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ubb34\uc5b8\uac00\uac00 \ud22d \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uadf8 \uc0c8\uc640 \uc7a0\uae50 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub41c \uc774 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc740 \uc6b0\uc6b8\uc99d\uc774 \uc0ac\ub77c\uc84c\uc73c\uba70, <i>Birds of North America<\/i>\ub780 \ucc45\uc744 \uc0ac\uc11c \uc790\uae30\uac00 \ubcf8 \uc0c8\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0c8\uc778\uc9c0 \uc54c\uc544\ub0b8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc0c8\ub294 \u2018rosy finch\u2019\uc600\ub2e4. \ud55c\uc601\uc0ac\uc804\uc5d0 \ubcf4\uba74 \u2018\uac08\uc0c9\uc591\uc9c4\uc774\u2019\ub77c\uace0 \ub418\uc5b4\uc788\ub294\ub370, \ud55c\uad6d\uacfc\ub294 \ud658\uacbd\uc774 \ub2e4\ub978 \uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \uc11c\uc2dd\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uac08\uc0c9\uc591\uc9c4\uc774\uc640 \ub611\uac19\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\uc81c \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \ud558\uace0 \uc2f6\uc740 \uc77c\uc774 \uc0dd\uacbc\ub2e4. \ubc14\ub85c \u2018\uc0c8 \uad00\ucc30\u2019(\uc774\uac83\uc744 \uc601\uc5b4\ub85c \u2018bird watching\u2019\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud558\uace0 \u2018birding\u2019\uc774\ub77c\uace0\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub2e4)\uc774\ub2e4. (\uc0c8 \uad00\ucc30\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc7ad \ube14\ub799 \uc8fc\uc5f0\uc758 \uc601\ud654 <i>The Big Year<\/i>\ub97c \ubcf4\uba74 \uc798 \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.) \uc55e\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9d0\ud55c \u2018&lt;\uc0b6&gt;\uc758 \ud669\uae08\uc11c\u2019\ub3c4 \uc0c8\ub97c \uad00\ucc30\ud558\uace0 \ub2e4\ub2c8\ub2e4\uac00 \uafbc \uafc8\uc5d0\uc11c \uac74\ub124\ubc1b\uc740 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc0c8\ub97c \uad00\ucc30\ud558\ub7ec \ub2e4\ub2c8\uba74\uc11c \uc0b6\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc758 \ubbff\uc74c\uc740 \uc810\uc810 \ud655\uace0\ud574\uc9c4\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \uc0c8\ub97c \uad00\ucc30\ud558\ub7ec \ub2e4\ub2cc \ub358 \uc911 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc774 \uadf8 \uac08\uc0c9\uc591\uc9c4\uc774\ub97c \ud68c\uc0c1\ud558\ub294 \ub300\ubaa9\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\uc815\uc2e0\uc5c6\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\uac04 \uc800 \ub180\ub77c\uc6b4 \uba87 \uac1c\uc6d4 \ub3d9\uc548\uc5d0 \ub098\ub294 \uc885\uc885 \uc648\ub8f0\ub77c \ud611\uace1\uc758 \uc800 \uac08\uc0c9\uc591\uc9c4\uc774\ub97c \uc0dd\uac01\ud574\ubcf4\uace4 \ud588\ub2e4. \uc800 \uc0c8\uac00 \ub098\uc758 \uc0b6\uc744 \ubc14\uafb8\uc5c8\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ub0b4 \uc0dd\uac01\uc5d0, \uc800 \uc0c8\uac00 \uc0b6\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubbff\uc74c\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc774\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc21c\uac04\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacc4\uc2dc\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub0ac\ub2e4. \uc560\ucd08\uc5d0 \uc544\ub798\ub97c \ub0b4\ub824\ub2e4\ubcf4\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc54a\uace0 \uadf8 \uc0c8\ub294 \uadf8\uc800 \ub0a0\uac1c\ub97c \uc811\uace0 \uadf8 \uc554\ubd95\uc744 \ud3f4\uc9dd \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub0b4\ub838\ub2e4. \ub0a0 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc54c\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub098\uc758 \ubc30 \uc548\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00\uac00 \uadf8 \uc0c8\uc758 \ubab0\ub450(its commitment)\uc758 \ubb34\uc2ec\ud55c \uc644\ubcbd\ud568\uc5d0 \ubc18\uc751\ud558\uc5ec \ub0b4\uac00 \ubd99\ub4e4\uace0 \ub9e4\ub2ec\ub824 \uc788\ub358 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc554\ubd95\uc744 \ub193\uc544\ubc84\ub9ac\uace0 \ub4a4\ub530\ub790\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc9c4\uacf5\uc73c\ub85c \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c8 \ub54c \ub0b4\uac00 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0\ub294 \ud3b4\ubcf4\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud588\ub358 \ub0a0\uac1c\uac00 \uc2a4\uccd0\uac00\ub294 \ub300\uae30\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ud3b4\uc9c0\uace0 \ub098\uc758 \ud48b\ub0b4\uae30 \uc815\uc2e0\uc774 \ube44\uc0c1\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\uc774 \uc124\uba85\uc5d0 \ub3d9\uc6d0\ub41c \ub2e8\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc740 \ub2e8\uc5b4\ub4e4\uacfc\ub294 \ubb34\uad00\ud55c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uac83\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub290\ub77c\uace0 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ub2ec\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc0c8\ub294 \uba38\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uc640\ub2ff\uc740 \uc0c8\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ubc30\uc5d0 \uc640\ub2ff\uc740 \uc0c8\uc600\ub358 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc791\uc740 \uc0c8 \ud55c \ub9c8\ub9ac\uac00 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ubb38\ud654\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uac70\ub860\ub418\uc9c0\uc870\ucc28 \uc54a\ub294 \ub098\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec \ub0b4\uc758 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \ubd80\ubd84\uc744 \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc600\uace0 \ub098\uc758 \uc0b6\uc740 \ubc14\ub00c\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc774 \ub0b4\uac00 \uc0b4\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c \uc138\uc0c1\uc774\ub2e4. \uc0c8 \ud55c \ub9c8\ub9ac\uc758 \ub099\ud558\ub85c\ub3c4 \ubc14\ub014 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc138\uc0c1.<\/p>\n<p>\ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc740 \u2018\uc0c8 \uad00\ucc30\u2019\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 \uac00\ub839 \uc0c8\ub4e4\uc758 \ub178\ub798\ub97c \ud718\ud30c\ub78c\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\ub97c \uc904 \uc544\ub294 \ub178\uc778 \uac19\uc740 \ud765\ubbf8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc744 \ub9cc\ub098\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \uc790\uc5f0\uacfc\uc758 \uc5f0\uacb0\uc774 \uc810\uc810 \uae4a\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uce21\uba74\uc774\ub2e4. \uc0c8\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc54c\uac8c \ub41c \uac83\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860\uc774\uace0, \ub354 \ub098\uc544\uac00 \uc790\uc5f0\uacfc\uc758 \uae30\uc6b4\uc758 \uad50\ub958 \uac19\uc740 \uac83\uc774 \uc0dd\uae30\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4. \uc720\ucf58 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uac14\uc744 \ub54c \uadf8\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc744 \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\uac70\uae30\uc11c \ubd81\uadf9 \uc5ec\ub984\uc758 \ub180\ub77c\uc6b4 \ud587\ube5b\uc5d0 \uc77c\uad11\uc695\uc744 \ud558\uba70 \uba70\uce60 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc8fd\uce58\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud587\ube5b. \ud587\ube5b, \ud587\ube5b\uc740 \uc815\uc2e0\uacfc \uc2e0\uccb4\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \ud654\ud559\ubb3c\uc9c8\uc5d0 \ubb34\uc5b8\uac00\ub97c \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ud2c0\ub9bc\uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud587\ube5b \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\ub294 \ubb34\uc5b8\uac00 \ub0d0\uc758 \ub208\uacfc \uc815\uc2e0\uc73c\ub85c \ud758\ub7ec\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc624\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub290\ub07c\uba74\uc11c \uadf8\uc800 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \ubc14\ub77c\ubcf4\uace0\ub9cc \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub0b4\uac00 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0\ub294 \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \uc21c\uc218\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uacbd\ud5d8\ud55c \uc801\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uac83, \ub0b4\uac00 \ubc1b\uc740 \uad50\uc721\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc5b8\uae09\ub41c \uc801\uc774 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uadf8\ub294 \uadf8\uc800 \ubc14\ub77c\ubcf4\uba74\uc11c \uc138\uc0c1 \uc548\uc5d0 \uc549\uc544\uc788\ub294\ub370 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uac15\ub82c\ud558\uace0, \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud761\uc871\ud560(this enough) \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc5d0 \ub180\ub77c\uc6cc\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\ub4ef \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc740 \uc790\uc5f0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c1\uc811 \ubc30\uc6b0\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub370\ub0a0\ub9ac\uad6d\ub9bd\uacf5\uc6d0(Denali National Park)\uc5d0 \uba38\ubb3c \ub54c \uc0bc\ub9bc\uad00\ub9ac\uc6d0(\/\ub808\uc778\uc800)\uc774 \ub098\ubb34\uc5d0 \ub09c \ud45c\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub294 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub97c \ub4e4\uc73c\uba74\uc11c \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc740 \uc774 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub294 \ucc45\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77d\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uac83\uc784\uc744 \uae68\ub2eb\ub294\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\ucc45\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc5d0\uac8c \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \uc5c6\uc73c\uba74 \uac04\uacfc\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub4e4\uc744 \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3d5\ub294 \u2018\uc5b4\ud718\u2019 \uac00\uc6b4\ub370 \uc77c\ubd80\ub97c \uac00\ub974\uce60 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc2e4\uc81c\uc801 \uc774\uc57c\uae30 \uc790\uccb4\ub294 \uadf8 \uc7a5\uc18c\uc5d0 \uac70\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc138\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec\uae08 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \ub9d0\ud558\uac8c \ud558\ub294 \uac83, \uc138\uc0c1\uc744 \uc77d\ub294 \ubc95\uc744 \ubc30\uc6b0\ub294 \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc740 \uc774\uc5b4\uc11c \uc138\uc0c1\uc774 \uadf8\uc800 \uc870\uac01\ub4e4\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \uadf8 \uc870\uac01\ub4e4\uc774 \uc11c\ub85c \uc5b4\uc6b8\ub824 \ub17c\ub9ac\uc801 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub97c \uc774\ub8e8\uba70 \uc774\ub294 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ucc3e\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc77d\uc5b4\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uae68\ub2eb\ub294\ub2e4. \uc138\uc0c1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc9c0\ud61c\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80\uc640 \uadf8 \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub97c \ubc30\uc6b0\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \uc774 \ucc45\uc758 \uc8fc\uc81c\uc774\uba70, \uc608\uc758 \u2018&lt;\uc0b6&gt;\uc758 \ud669\uae08\uc11c\u2019\ub294 \ubc14\ub85c \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc9c1\uc811\uc801 \uc870\uc6b0\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc790\uc5f0\uc758 \uc9c0\ud61c\ub97c \ubc30\uc6b0\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ube44\uc720\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\ub9ac\ud0a8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc740 \ub514\ub0a0\ub9ac\uad6d\ub9bd\uacf5\uc6d0(Denali National Park)\uc758 \u201ca seasonal naturalist\u201d(\uc2dc\uc98c\uc778 \uc5ec\ub984\uc5d0\ub294 \uc77c\ud558\uace0 \uc624\ud504\uc2dc\uc98c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc790\uc5f0\uc744 \ud45c\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uc0bc\ub9bc\uad00\ub9ac\uc6d0)\uac00 \ub418\uace0 \uc2f6\uc5b4 \ud558\uac8c \ub418\uace0 \uc5bc\ub9c8 \ud6c4\uc5d0 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \ucc44\uc6a9\ub418\uac8c \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>&lt;\uacc4\uc18d&gt;<\/p>\n<div class=\"pdfprnt-buttons pdfprnt-buttons-post pdfprnt-bottom-right\"><a href=\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F1473&print=pdf\" class=\"pdfprnt-button pdfprnt-button-pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><img src=\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/wp-content\/plugins\/pdf-print\/images\/pdf.png\" alt=\"image_pdf\" title=\"View PDF\" \/><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F1473&print=print\" class=\"pdfprnt-button pdfprnt-button-print\" target=\"_blank\"><img src=\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/wp-content\/plugins\/pdf-print\/images\/print.png\" alt=\"image_print\" title=\"Print Content\" \/><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc800\uc790\u00a0 :\u00a0 Paul Krafel \ucc45 : Roaming Upward : The Quest of a Naturalist \ubd84\ub958 : \ub0b4\uc6a9 \uc18c\uac1c \uc18c\uac1c\uc790 : \uc815\ubc31\uc218 0. \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc740 \uc720\uba85\ud55c \ud559\uc790\ub098 \uc774\ub860\uac00\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\uace0 \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc2dc\uace8\uc758 \ucd08\uc911\ub4f1\uad50\uc721\uc744 \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \ud559\uad50\uc758 \uc124\ub9bd\uc790\uc774\uc790 \uad50\uc0ac\uc77c \ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc790\uc2e0\uc744 &#8216;\uc790\uc5f0\uc8fc\uc758\uc790'(naturalist)\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4. \u2018\uc0b6\uc758 \ud669\uae08\uc11c'(golden Book of Life)\ub97c \uc790\uc5f0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77d\uc5b4\ub0b8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc11c\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc5b4\ub290 \ub0a0 \uc57c\uac04 \ud558\uc774\ud0b9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1474,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[37,35],"tags":[976,977,974,975],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v16.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\ud3f4 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c(Paul Krafel)\uc758 \u2018\ud45c\ud589\u2019(\u98c4\u884c)\uacfc \u2018\ub354 \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\u2019(The Commons) 01 - \ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \ubc88\uc5ed \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ko_KR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud3f4 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c(Paul Krafel)\uc758 \u2018\ud45c\ud589\u2019(\u98c4\u884c)\uacfc \u2018\ub354 \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\u2019(The Commons) 01 - \ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \ubc88\uc5ed \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\uc800\uc790\u00a0 :\u00a0 Paul Krafel \ucc45 : Roaming Upward : The Quest of a Naturalist \ubd84\ub958 : \ub0b4\uc6a9 \uc18c\uac1c \uc18c\uac1c\uc790 : \uc815\ubc31\uc218 0. \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc740 \uc720\uba85\ud55c \ud559\uc790\ub098 \uc774\ub860\uac00\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\uace0 \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc2dc\uace8\uc758 \ucd08\uc911\ub4f1\uad50\uc721\uc744 \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \ud559\uad50\uc758 \uc124\ub9bd\uc790\uc774\uc790 \uad50\uc0ac\uc77c \ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc790\uc2e0\uc744 &#8216;\uc790\uc5f0\uc8fc\uc758\uc790&#039;(naturalist)\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4. \u2018\uc0b6\uc758 \ud669\uae08\uc11c&#039;(golden Book of Life)\ub97c \uc790\uc5f0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77d\uc5b4\ub0b8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc11c\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc5b4\ub290 \ub0a0 \uc57c\uac04 \ud558\uc774\ud0b9 [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \ubc88\uc5ed \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-04-27T07:28:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-09-12T11:17:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Roaming-Upward.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1367\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"787\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"commonstrans\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7\ubd84\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/#website\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/\",\"name\":\"\\ucee4\\uba3c\\uc988 \\ubc88\\uc5ed \\ub124\\ud2b8\\uc6cc\\ud06c\",\"description\":\"commonstrans\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"ko-KR\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"ko-KR\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Roaming-Upward.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Roaming-Upward.jpg\",\"width\":1367,\"height\":787},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473#webpage\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473\",\"name\":\"\\ud3f4 \\ud06c\\ub798\\ud50c(Paul Krafel)\\uc758 \\u2018\\ud45c\\ud589\\u2019(\\u98c4\\u884c)\\uacfc \\u2018\\ub354 \\ucee4\\uba3c\\uc988\\u2019(The Commons) 01 - \\ucee4\\uba3c\\uc988 \\ubc88\\uc5ed \\ub124\\ud2b8\\uc6cc\\ud06c\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2019-04-27T07:28:50+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-09-12T11:17:40+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/#\/schema\/person\/ad053acb93bed8dde880e55562579b24\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ko-KR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\\ud3f4 \\ud06c\\ub798\\ud50c(Paul Krafel)\\uc758 \\u2018\\ud45c\\ud589\\u2019(\\u98c4\\u884c)\\uacfc \\u2018\\ub354 \\ucee4\\uba3c\\uc988\\u2019(The Commons) 01\"}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/#\/schema\/person\/ad053acb93bed8dde880e55562579b24\",\"name\":\"commonstrans\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/#personlogo\",\"inLanguage\":\"ko-KR\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/1.gravatar.com\/avatar\/dc8b37851f8e04afef2629dcc8653db8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\/\/1.gravatar.com\/avatar\/dc8b37851f8e04afef2629dcc8653db8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"commonstrans\"},\"url\":\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?author=1\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\ud3f4 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c(Paul Krafel)\uc758 \u2018\ud45c\ud589\u2019(\u98c4\u884c)\uacfc \u2018\ub354 \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\u2019(The Commons) 01 - \ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \ubc88\uc5ed \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473","og_locale":"ko_KR","og_type":"article","og_title":"\ud3f4 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c(Paul Krafel)\uc758 \u2018\ud45c\ud589\u2019(\u98c4\u884c)\uacfc \u2018\ub354 \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\u2019(The Commons) 01 - \ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \ubc88\uc5ed \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c","og_description":"\uc800\uc790\u00a0 :\u00a0 Paul Krafel \ucc45 : Roaming Upward : The Quest of a Naturalist \ubd84\ub958 : \ub0b4\uc6a9 \uc18c\uac1c \uc18c\uac1c\uc790 : \uc815\ubc31\uc218 0. \ud06c\ub798\ud50c\uc740 \uc720\uba85\ud55c \ud559\uc790\ub098 \uc774\ub860\uac00\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\uace0 \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\ub3c4 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc2dc\uace8\uc758 \ucd08\uc911\ub4f1\uad50\uc721\uc744 \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \ud559\uad50\uc758 \uc124\ub9bd\uc790\uc774\uc790 \uad50\uc0ac\uc77c \ubfd0\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc790\uc2e0\uc744 &#8216;\uc790\uc5f0\uc8fc\uc758\uc790'(naturalist)\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub978\ub2e4. \u2018\uc0b6\uc758 \ud669\uae08\uc11c'(golden Book of Life)\ub97c \uc790\uc5f0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77d\uc5b4\ub0b8\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uc5d0\uc11c\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \uc5b4\ub290 \ub0a0 \uc57c\uac04 \ud558\uc774\ud0b9 [&hellip;]","og_url":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473","og_site_name":"\ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \ubc88\uc5ed \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c","article_published_time":"2019-04-27T07:28:50+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-09-12T11:17:40+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1367,"height":787,"url":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Roaming-Upward.jpg","path":"\/commonstrans\/www\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Roaming-Upward.jpg","size":"full","id":1474,"alt":"","pixels":1075829,"type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"commonstrans","Est. reading time":"7\ubd84"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/#website","url":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/","name":"\ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \ubc88\uc5ed \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c","description":"commonstrans","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"ko-KR"},{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473#primaryimage","inLanguage":"ko-KR","url":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Roaming-Upward.jpg","contentUrl":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Roaming-Upward.jpg","width":1367,"height":787},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473#webpage","url":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473","name":"\ud3f4 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c(Paul Krafel)\uc758 \u2018\ud45c\ud589\u2019(\u98c4\u884c)\uacfc \u2018\ub354 \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\u2019(The Commons) 01 - \ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \ubc88\uc5ed \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c","isPartOf":{"@id":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473#primaryimage"},"datePublished":"2019-04-27T07:28:50+00:00","dateModified":"2025-09-12T11:17:40+00:00","author":{"@id":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/#\/schema\/person\/ad053acb93bed8dde880e55562579b24"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ko-KR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1473#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\ud3f4 \ud06c\ub798\ud50c(Paul Krafel)\uc758 \u2018\ud45c\ud589\u2019(\u98c4\u884c)\uacfc \u2018\ub354 \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\u2019(The Commons) 01"}]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/#\/schema\/person\/ad053acb93bed8dde880e55562579b24","name":"commonstrans","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/#personlogo","inLanguage":"ko-KR","url":"http:\/\/1.gravatar.com\/avatar\/dc8b37851f8e04afef2629dcc8653db8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"http:\/\/1.gravatar.com\/avatar\/dc8b37851f8e04afef2629dcc8653db8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"commonstrans"},"url":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?author=1"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1473"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1473"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1473\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2679,"href":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1473\/revisions\/2679"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1474"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}