{"id":1403,"date":"2019-02-04T21:11:44","date_gmt":"2019-02-04T12:11:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1403"},"modified":"2019-02-04T22:32:58","modified_gmt":"2019-02-04T13:32:58","slug":"p2p-%ec%bb%a4%eb%a8%bc%ec%a6%88%eb%8a%94-%ea%b8%89%ec%a7%84%ea%b3%bc%ed%95%99-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%ec%84%b8-%eb%b2%88%ec%a7%b8-%ec%9a%b4%eb%8f%99%ec%9d%b8%ea%b0%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/?p=1403","title":{"rendered":"P2P \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\ub294 \uae09\uc9c4\uacfc\ud559 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \u2018\uc138 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc6b4\ub3d9\u2019\uc778\uac00?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<ul>\n<li>\uc800\uc790\u00a0 :\u00a0 \ub9c8\uc774\ud06c \ud5e4\uc77c\uc988(Mike Hales)<\/li>\n<li>\uc6d0\ubb38 : <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.p2pfoundation.net\/peer-to-peer-commons-the-historical-third-movement-of-radical-science-it-can-only-get-better\/2018\/11\/07\">\u201cPeer-to-peer-commons \u2015 The historical \u2018third movement\u2019 of radical science? It can only get better\u201d<\/a> (2018.11.7) \/\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\">Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\ubd84\ub958 : \ubc88\uc5ed<\/li>\n<li>\uc62e\uae34\uc774 : \uce74\uc624\ubaa8<\/li>\n<li>\uc124\uba85 : \uc774 \uae00\uc740 \uc6d0\ub798 2018\ub144 9\uc6d4 18\uc77c <a href=\"http:\/\/foprop.org\"><span class=\"s1\">foprop.org<\/span><\/a>\uc5d0 \uac8c\uc7ac\ub410\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">P2P \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\ub294 \uae09\uc9c4\uacfc\ud559 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c \u2018\uc138 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc6b4\ub3d9\u2019\uc778\uac00?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">4\ub144 \uc804 \ucc98\uc74c <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.wixstatic.com\/ugd\/3ed2d0_51af8426c9bd412889a050d74c1b5bd9.pdf\"><span class=\"s1\">\uac8c\ub9ac \uc6cc\uc2a4\ud0a4(Gary Werskey)\uc758 \u2018\uc138 \uc6b4\ub3d9\u2019(three movements)\uc744 \ub2e4\ub8ec 2007\ub144 \ub17c\ubb38<\/span><\/a>\uc744 \uc77d\uc5c8\uc744 \ub54c \ub098\ub294 \ud68c\uc758\uc801\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uac8c\ub9ac\ub294 1930-40\ub144\ub300\uc640 1970-80\ub144\ub300\uc5d0 \uacfc\ud559\uc744 \ub458\ub7ec\uc2f8\uace0 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub09c \ub450 \uac1c\uc758 \uc601\uad6d \uae09\uc9c4\uc8fc\uc758\uc790\ub4e4\uc758 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc5c8\uace0 \ud658\uacbd\uc801\uc778 \ud30c\uae09\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uc138 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uc608\uce21\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ub098\ub294 \uadf8\uac83\uc774 \ub2e4\ub978 \ub450 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uacfc \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \ub9d1\uc2a4\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc77c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ubcc4\ub85c \ud655\uc2e0\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc 2018\ub144\uc778 \uc9c0\uae08 \ub098\ub294 \uc9c4\uc815 <b>P2P \ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \uc6b4\ub3d9<\/b>\uc774 \uc2e4\ub85c \uc138 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uc790\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uc11c\uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcf8\ub2e4. \uc801\uc5b4\ub3c4 \uadf8\ub7ec\ub9ac\ub77c\uace0 \uc804\uc81c\ud558\uace0 \ub098\uc544\uac00\ub294 \uac74 \uac00\uce58 \uc788\uc744 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \ubd80\ucc28\uc801\uc774\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \uacfc\ud559\uae30\uc220\uc5f0\uad6c(STS)<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1403_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_1');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1403_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_1');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">1)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1403_1_1\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">STS : Science and Technology Studies<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_1').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1403_1_1', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc120 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \ud568\uc758\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\ub2c8 \ub9d0\uc774\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 P2P \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\uac00 \ub0b4 \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00 \uc0b6\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd10\uc628 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc784\uc744, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uacfc \uae30\uc220\uc758 \uc815\uce58\ub97c \uc9c0\ud5a5\ud558\ub294 \uc790\uc720\uc758\uc9c0\ub860\uc801 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc8fc\uc758\uc790\ub85c\uc11c \ub0b4\uac00 \uc9c0\ub09c 50\ub144 \uac04 \uacf5\ub4e4\uc5ec\uc628 \uac78 \uac00\ub3d9\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac83\uc784\uc744 \ubbff\uc5b4 \uc758\uc2ec\uce58 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ub8e8\uc2dc \uac00\uc624(Lucy Gao)\uc640 \ub098\ub294 \ub9c9 STS \ud559\ubb38\uc5f0\uad6c\ubd84\uc57c\uc758 \uc5f0\ucc28 \ubaa8\uc784\uc778 <i>&lt;<\/i>4S \uc2dc\ub4dc\ub2c8 2018&gt;<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1403_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_2');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1403_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_2');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">2)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1403_1_2\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">4S : Society for Social Studies of Science<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_2').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1403_1_2', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c8 \ubc1c\ud45c\ub97c \uc5f0\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uc9dc\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8\ub97c \ub9c8\ubb34\ub9ac\ud588\ub2e4. \ud559\ud68c\uc138\uc158\uc758 \uc8fc\uc81c \u2018\uc77c\ub828\uc758 \uc2e4\ud328\ud55c \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 STS \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc0b6\u2019\uc740 \uac8c\ub9ac\uac00 \ud588\ub358 \uc5b8\uae09\uc73c\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \uc0dd\uaca8\ub09c \uac83\uc774\uc5c8\uace0 \ub8e8\uc2dc\uc640 \ub098\ub294 \uadf8\uac00 \ub9d0\ud558\ub294 \u2018\uc138 \uc6b4\ub3d9\u2019\uc744 \ub450 \u2018STS \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc0b6\u2019 -\uadf8\ub140\uc758 10\ub144\uc758 \uc0b6\uacfc \ub098\uc758 45\ub144\uc758 \uc0b6- \uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc2e4\ud5d8\uacfc \uc2e4\ud328\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub97c \uc9c4\uc220\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud2c0\ub85c \uc0bc\uc558\ub2e4. \ud559\ud68c\ubc1c\ud45c\ub294 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch%5C?v=9yD1sCz3aDU&amp;feature=youtu.be\"><span class=\"s1\">\uc720\ud29c\ube0c<\/span><\/a>\uc5d0 \uac8c\uc2dc\ub418\uace0 (<a href=\"https:\/\/hooktube.com\/9yD1sCz3aDU\"><span class=\"s2\">\ud6c5\ud29c\ube0c<\/span><\/a>(hooktube)\uc5d0\ub294 \uc0ac\ubcf8\uc774 \uac8c\uc2dc\ub41c\ub2e4) \uae09\uc9c4\uacfc\ud559 \ubc0f \uae09\uc9c4\uc801 \uc804\ubb38\uc9c1\uc8fc\uc758(professionalism)\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uc77c\ub2e8\uc758 \uc790\ub8cc\uac00 \uc774\uc81c \uc6f9\uc0ac\uc774\ud2b8 \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/radical-science\"><span class=\"s2\">STS \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc0b6<\/span><\/a>\u2019(<i>Lives in STS<\/i>)\uc758 \u20184 \uc5ed\uc0ac\u2019(<i>4 History<\/i>) \ubc94\uc8fc\uc5d0 \uac8c\uc2dc\ub418\uc5b4\uc788\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc790\ub8cc\uc5d0\ub294 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ud55c \ucabd\uc9dc\ub9ac <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.wixstatic.com\/ugd\/3ed2d0_52b4482ce47e444f976176a26e4113f1.pdf\"><span class=\"s1\">\uc694\uac15<\/span><\/a>\uacfc \uba87 \uc2dc\uac04\uc9dc\ub9ac \uc778\ud130\ubdf0 \ub179\ucde8\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4. \uae38\uc774\ub97c \ub9de\ucd94\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uadf8 \ubc1c\ud45c\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80\uac00 \uc0dd\ub7b5\ub3fc\uc57c \ud588\ub2e4. \uc0dd\ub7b5\ub41c \uac74 \ud3ec\ub514\uc998\/\ud3ec\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud3ec\ub514\uc998\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ubd84\uc11d\ud2c0, \ucc28\uc138\ub300 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc591\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uc758 P2P, STS \ud559\uacc4\uc640 \uae09\uc9c4\uacfc\ud559 \uc561\ud2f0\ube44\uc998, \uc804\ubb38\uad00\ub9ac\uacc4\uce35(PMC)<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1403_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_3');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1403_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_3');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">3)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1403_1_3\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">PMC : Professional-Managerial Class<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_3').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1403_1_3', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \uc548\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadf8\uc5d0 \ub300\ud56d\ud558\ub294 <i>\u2018<\/i>\uc720\uae30\uc801 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc778\u2019 \uc561\ud2f0\ube44\uc998\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 \ud559\ud68c \uc774\ud6c4\uc5d0 \u2018\uac10\ub3c5\ud310\u2019\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uac78 \uc0dd\uac01\ud588\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub108\ubb34 \ub9ce\uc740 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc77c\ub4e4\uc774 \uae30\ub2e4\ub9ac\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ubbc0\ub85c \ud604\uc7ac\uc758 \uc774 \ube14\ub85c\uadf8 \uac8c\uc2dc\ubb3c\uc744 \ubd80\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uae34 \uc601\uc0c1\uc758 \uac1c\uc694\ub85c \uc0dd\uac01\ud574 \ub2ec\ub77c.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ub0b4\uac8c\ub294 <b>\uc138 \uac00\uc9c0<\/b>\uac00 \uc774 \u2018STS \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc0b6<i>\u2019<\/i> \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ub0b4\uac00 \ub8e8\uc2dc\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uadf8 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \ud558\uba74\uc11c<i> <\/i>\ub3c4\ub2ec\ud55c<i> <\/i>\uc7a5\uc18c\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ud558\uc5ec <b>\uc911\uc694\ud558\ub2e4<\/b>. \ub8e8\uc2dc\ub294 \uc911\uad6d \uacfc\ud559\uc6d0\uc758 STS \ubd80\uad50\uc218\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub140\ub294 \ub098\ubcf4\ub2e4 40\ub144 \ud6c4\uc5d0 \ud0dc\uc5b4\ub0ac\uace0 1980\ub144\ub300 \ud6c4\ubc18 \uc911\uad6d\ubb38\ud654\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9cc\uac1c\ud55c \ud559\ubb38\ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\ud558\ub294\ub370, \uac70\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \ubd84\uba85\ud788 \uc815\uce58\uc801\uc778 (\ub450 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758) \uc5ed\uc0ac\uac00 \uc11c\uad6c\uc8fc\uc758, \uad00\ub9ac\uc8fc\uc758, \uc804\ubb38\uc9c1\ud654\uc758 \ubc88\uca4d\ubc88\uca4d\ud55c \ud45c\uba74 \uc544\ub798 \ubb3b\ud600 \ubd80\uae00\uac70\ub9ac\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>\uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \uac83<\/b>\uc740 \ub0b4 \uc0dd\uac01\uc5d4 1970\ub144\ub300\uc758 \u2018\uae09\uc9c4\uacfc\ud559\u2019\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacfc\ud559\uc774 \ud575\uc2ec\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70 \ub0b4\uac00 \uae09\uc9c4\uacfc\ud559\uc73c\ub85c \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud55c \uac83\ub3c4 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \u2018\uacfc\ud559\u2019\uc744 \ud575\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 \uae09\uc9c4\uc801 <em><span style=\"font-family: 'arial black', sans-serif;\">\uc804\ubb38\uc5f0\uad6c\uac00\ub4e4<\/span><\/em>\uc758 \ub113\uace0 \uae4a\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uc138\ub300\uc5d0 \uac78\uce5c \uc6b4\ub3d9 \uc18d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5ec\ub7ec \ubb38\ud654\uc801 \ud615\uc131\ubb3c\uc744 \ubcf4\uc558\uc73c\uba70 \uc9c0\uae08\ub3c4 \ubcf8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc740 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubb34\uc5c7\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub3c4 \ud55c\ub54c (40\ub144 \uc804\uc5d0!) \u2018\ud6c4\uae30 \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758\u2019\ub77c \ubd88\ub9b0 \ud2c0 \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c PMC\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub85c \uc774\ub860\ud654\ub418\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc9c0\ub09c \uc138\ub300\uc5d0 \uc2ec\uc624\ud558\uace0 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc815\uce58\uac00, \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc744 \uac70\ub300\ud558\uba70 <b>\uc804\uc9c0\uad6c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\uc0b0\ub41c<\/b> \uaddc\ubaa8\ub85c \uc0dd\uc0b0\ud558\uace0 \ub3d9\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uccb4\uc81c\uac00 \ucd9c\ud604\ud588\ub294\ub370, \ub098\ub294 \uc774\ub97c \uc790\ubcf8\uacfc \uc790\ubcf8\uc5d0 \ub300\ud56d\ud558\ub294 \ud798\uc774 \ud3ec\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud3ec\ub514\uc998\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac\ud3b8\uc131\ub418\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc758 \ud55c \uce21\uba74\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud558\uace0 \uc2f6\ub2e4. 1950\ub144\ub300\uc5d0\ub294 \u2018\uac70\ub300\uacfc\ud559\u2019\uc774, \u2018\uad70\uc0b0\ubcf5\ud569\uccb4\u2019\ub97c \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\uc774 \ud575\uc2ec \uc774\uc288\uc600\ub2e4. 1960\ub144\ub300\uc5d0\ub294 \u2018\uacfc\ud559\uc815\ucc45\u2019 \ubc0f \uc5f0\uad6c\uc0dd\uc0b0\ubb3c\uc758 \uacf5\uc801 \uc131\uaca9 \ud639\uc740 \uc0ac\uc720\ud654 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ub17c\uc758\ub4e4\uc774 \uc6b0\uc138\ud588\ub2e4. \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130\ud654\uac00 \uc9c4\ud589\ub41c 1980\ub144\ub300\uc5d0\ub294 \u2018\uc9c0\uc2dd\uacbd\uc81c\u2019\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc774\uc57c\uae30\uac00 \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70 1990\ub144\ub300\uc5d0\ub294 \u2018\uc9c0\uc2dd\uc9d1\uc57d\uc0ac\uc5c5\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\u2019, \u2018\ud601\uc2e0\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\u2019 \uac00 \u2019\uad6d\uac00\ud601\uc2e0\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\u2018 \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc8fc\uc81c\uc600\ub2e4. 1990\ub144\ub300\uc5d0\ub294 STS \uc5f0\uad6c\uc790\uc778 \ub098\ub3c4 \uadf8 \uc77c\ubd80\uc600\ub2e4. (\uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc2dc\uae30\uc5d0 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/90s-work-infrastructure\"><span class=\"s2\">\uac8c\uc2dc\uae00<\/span><\/a>\uc744 \uc62c\ub9ac\uaca0\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub0b4 \uc0dd\uac01\uc5d4 \uadf8\ub7ec\ub294 \ub0b4\ub0b4 \uc800\ub958\ub97c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5c8\ub358 \uac74 \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/blog-1\/search\/posts%5C?query=#rganicintellectual\"><span class=\"s2\">\uc720\uae30\uc801 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc778<\/span><\/a>\u2019\uc801 \uc0dd\uc0b0(1920\ub144\ub300\uc640 1930\ub144\ub300 \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544 \ub9d1\uc2a4\uc8fc\uc758\uc790 \uadf8\ub78c\uc2dc\uc758 \uc6a9\uc5b4\uc774\ub2e4), \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc0dd\uc0b0\uc744 \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8\ub85c, <em><span class=\"s3\" style=\"font-family: 'arial black', sans-serif;\">\uacc4\uae09<\/span><\/em>\uaddc\ubaa8\ub85c \uc870\uc9c1\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \ubd84\uba85\ud55c \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uacfc \uadf8\ub798\uc57c\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uc600\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc0c1\uc774\ud55c \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc591\uc2dd, \uc0b6\ud615\ud0dc \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc804\ubb38\uc5f0\uad6c\uac00\ub4e4\uacfc \uc77c\ubc18\uc778\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ucd09\uc9c4\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud568\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \u2018\uc720\uae30\uc801 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc778\u2019\uc801 \uc2e4\ucc9c\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc9c0\uc18d\ub418\ub294 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub294 \uc5ec\uae30 FopRop\uc758 \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/4-history\"><span class=\"s2\">4 \uc5ed\uc0ac<\/span><\/a>\u2019 \ubc94\uc8fc\uc758 \uad00\uc2ec\uc0ac\uc774\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \ub610\ud55c \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/2-commoning\"><span class=\"s2\">2 \ucee4\uba38\ub2dd<\/span><\/a>\u2019(2 Commoning) \ubc94\uc8fc\uc758 \ud328\ud134\uc5b8\uc5b4\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \ubd84\uc11d\ud2c0\uc774 \uc65c \u2018\uc54e\uc758 \ucda4\u2019\uc758 \uc548\ubb34\ub97c \ud575\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \ub610 \uc65c \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud654\ub41c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/blog-1\/search\/posts%5C?query=#abourpower\"><span class=\"s2\">\ub178\ub3d9\ub825<\/span><\/a>\uc758 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud575\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ub9d0\ud574\uc900\ub2e4. FopRop\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\ub294 \uc774\ub97c P2P \ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc591\uc2dd\uacfc \uc77c\uc0c1\uc801 \uc0b6\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \uc9c4\ud654\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadf8 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc591\uc2dd\uacfc \uc0b6\uc758 \uacc4\uc18d\uc801\uc778 \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\uc801 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ubb38\ud654\uc720\ubb3c\ub860\uc801 \u2018\uc811\uadfc\ubc95\u2019\uc744 \uad6c\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub9ac\ud130\ub7ec\uc2dc(literacy)\uc758 \uc138 \uc601\uc5ed \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c\uc11c \uc81c\uc548\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/literacy-in-three-spheres\"><span class=\"s2\">\uc5ec\uae30<\/span><\/a>\ub97c \ubcf4\ub77c)<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ub0b4\uac00 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud558\ub294 <b>\ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uac83<\/b>\uc740 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/blog-1\/search\/posts%5C?query=#ulturalmaterialism\"><span class=\"s2\">\ubb38\ud654\uc720\ubb3c\ub860<\/span><\/a> \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098 \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 40\ub144\uac04 \ud0d0\uad6c\ub97c \ud574\uc654\ub2e4\uace0 \ub0b4\uac00 \uc0dd\uac01\ud568\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc885\ub958\uc758 \uacf5\uc778\ub41c \ub9d1\uc2a4\uc8fc\uc758\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub354 \ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \uc758\ubbf8\uc2ec\uc7a5\ud558\uac8c\ub3c4 \u2018\ubb38\ud654\uc801\u2019\uc774\uba70 \uc2ec\uc624\ud558\uac8c \u2018\uc720\ubb3c\ub860\uc801\u2019\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uc810\uc778\ub370, \uc774\ub294 \ub0b4\uac00 FoP RoP\uc5d0\uc11c \ud2b9\ud788 \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/2-commoning\"><span class=\"s2\">2 \ucee4\uba38\ub2dd<\/span><\/a>\u2019 \ubc94\uc8fc\uc5d0\uc11c \ub610\ub837\uc774 \ub9d0\ud558\ub824 \ud558\ub294 \uc885\ub958\uc758 (\ud0c8\ub9d1\uc2a4\uc801\uc778 \uc544\ub2cc) \uc2e0\ub9d1\uc2a4\uc801\uc778, \uc138\uc2ec\ud558\uac8c \ud63c\uc885\ud654\ub41c \ud2c0\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ucd09\uc9c4\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uace0 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uadf8\ub7ec\ud558\ub2e4. P2P \ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/blog-1\/search\/posts%5C?query=#aterialism\"><span class=\"s2\"><b>\uc720\ubb3c\ub860\uc801 \uc131\uaca9<\/b><\/span><\/a>\uc740 \uba85\ubc31\ud558\uac8c\ub3c4 \uc571\uc758 \uac1c\ubc29\ud615 \uad6c\uc870, \ud504\ub9ac\ucf54\ub4dc\uc758 P2P \uc0dd\uc0b0, \ubd84\uc0b0\ub41c \uc6f9 \uc778\ud504\ub77c, \uacf5\uac1c \ub370\uc774\ud130, \ub9c1\ud06c\ub4dc \ub370\uc774\ud130\/\ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc18c\uc720\uad8c\/\ubb38\uc11c \uc18c\uc720\uad8c, \ub77c\uc774\uc120\uc2f1 \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubd84\uc0b0\ub41c \ud589\uc704\uc758 \uc7a5\uc744 \uc870\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc778\ud504\ub77c \uae30\uc220\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uc8fc\ub41c \uad00\uc2ec\uc744 \uae30\uc6b8\uc778\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc5d0 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294\ub370, \uc774 \ubd84\uc0b0\ub41c \ud589\uc704\uc758 \uc7a5\uc5d0\ub294 \uc554\ud638\ud654\ud3d0, \uc2e0\uc6a9\ud68c\uacc4 \uba54\ucee4\ub2c8\uc998, \ud574\uc2dc\uccb4\uc778, \uacf5\uac1c\uac00\uce58 \uacf5\uae09\uccb4\uc778 \ud68c\uacc4\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c, \uacf5\uac1c\uc6d0\uc7a5 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uacfc \uad6c\uc870\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c\ub2e4.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ubb38\ud654\uc801 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \uc9c0\ud5a5\uc131\uc740 \uc870\uae08 \ub35c \ub208\uc5d0 \ub748\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uadf8 \uc9c0\ud5a5\uc131\uc740 \uc608\ucee8\ub300 \ubbf8\uc178 \ubc14\uc6b0\uc5d4\uc2a4\ub85c \ud558\uc5ec\uae08 \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\uc758 \uc5ed\uc0ac-\uc9c4\ud654\uc801, \ud0c8\/\ubc18(\u53cd)\uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uac8c\ub054 \ud558\uace0 P2P \uc7ac\ub2e8\uc744 \ubc1c\uc871\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ub370\ub85c \uc774\ub048 <b>\uc778\uac04\ud559\uc801<\/b> \uad00\uc810 \uc548\uc5d0 \uba85\ubc31\ud788 \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uadf8 \uc9c0\ud5a5\uc131\uc740 \ubc14\uc6b0\uc5d4\uc2a4 \ubc0f \uadf8\uc758 \ud30c\ud2b8\ub108\ub4e4(\ub370\uc774\ube57 \ubcfc\ub9ac\uc5b4, \uc9c8\ucf00 \ud5ec\ud504\ub9ac\ud788)\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\uc804\ub7b5\uadf8\ub8f9\uc758, \uacfc\uac70\uc640 \ud604\uc7ac\uc758 \ucee4\uba38\ub2dd\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubb38\ud654\uc801\u00b7\uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub4e4\uc744 \uc911\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \ud559\uc220\uc801\u00b7\ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\uc801 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc640 \uac1c\ubc1c \ud65c\ub3d9\uc758 \uc800\ubcc0\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\ub294\ub370, \uc774 \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub4e4\uc740 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc5d0\uc138\uc774 \ubaa8\uc74c\uc9d1 \u300e<a href=\"http:\/\/wealthofthecommons.org\/about\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>\ucee4\uba3c\uc988\uc758 \ubd80<\/b><\/span><\/a>\u300f\uc640 \u300e<a href=\"http:\/\/patternsofcommoning.org\/about\/\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>\ucee4\uba38\ub2dd\uc758 \ud328\ud134\ub4e4<\/b><\/span><\/a>\u300f\uc5d0 \uc81c\uc2dc\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uace0, \ud604\uc7ac \uc9c4\ud589 \uc911\uc778 \u300e<a href=\"http:\/\/makecommoningwork.federated.wiki\/view\/welcome-visitors\/ward.asia.wiki.org\/welcome-visitors\/davidbollier.fed.wiki\/welcome-visitors\/davidbollier.fed.wiki\/the-book\"><span class=\"s2\"><b>\ucee4\uba38\ub2dd\uc758 \ud328\ud134\uc5b8\uc5b4<\/b><\/span><\/a>\u300f\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd84\uc11d\ub418\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubd84\uc11d\uacfc \uc5ec\uae30 FoPRoP\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub098\uc758 \ud328\ud134\uc5b8\uc5b4 \uc791\uc5c5 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc8fc\uc11d\uc740 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/pattern-language\"><span class=\"s1\"><b>\uc5ec\uae30<\/b><\/span><\/a>\uc11c \ucc3e\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ub0b4\uac00 \uc778\uc2dd\ud55c <b>\uc138 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uac83<\/b>\uc740 \ub0b4 \uc0dd\uac01\uc5d0 P2P \ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 1970\ub144\ub300\uc758 \u2018\ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uae09\uc9c4\uacfc\ud559 \uc6b4\ub3d9\u2019 \uc548\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd84\uba85\ud574\uc9c0\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c \u2018\uc720\uae30\uc801 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc778\u2019\uc801 \ub3d9\ub825\uc744 \ucd94\uc9c4\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \ud655\uc7a5\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub458\uc9f8 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uc8fc\uccb4\ub294 \ubca0\uc774\ube44\ubd80\uba38\ub4e4\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub4e4\uc774 \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \ud604\uc7a5\uc5d0 \uc788\uae30\ub294 \ud574\ub3c4 \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc138\ub300\uac00 \u2018\uc720\uae30\uc801 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc778\u2019\uc801 \uc591\ud0dc\ub97c \ub2e4\ub974\uac8c \ubc1c\uacac\ud558\uace0 \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 \uae30\uaecf\ud574\uc57c 18\uac1c\uc6d4 \uc804\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc744 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\ub2e4. \u2018\uc720\uae30\uc801 \uc9c0\uc2dd\uc778\u2019\uc801, \u2018\uc790\uc720\uc758\uc9c0\ub860\uc801 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc8fc\uc758\u2019\uc801 \uc561\ud2f0\ube44\uc998\uc758 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801 \uc2e4\ucc9c\uc744 \uc774\ub860\ud654\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ub098\ub294 \ubca0\uc774\ube44\ubd80\uba38\uc640 20\ub300 \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\ub4e4\uc774 (\uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uadf8 \uc911\uac04\uc758 \uc0ac\ub78c\ub4e4\uc774) \uc138\ub300\ub97c \uac00\ub85c\uc9c0\ub974\ub294 \u2018\uc720\uc0b0\u2019\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ub300\ud654\uc5d0 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc885\ub958\uc758 \u2018\ub300\ud559\u2019\uc744 \ucc3d\uc870\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0dd\uac01\uc744 \ub2e4\ub4ec\uc5b4\uc624\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 \u300e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lulu.com\/shop\/search.ep%5C?contributorId=1295273\"><span class=\"s1\">\uacb8\uc190\ud55c \uae30\uc6d0\ub4e4 3 \u2013 \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\ub4e4\uacfc \uc9d1\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\ub294 \ud589\uc9c4<\/span><\/a>\u300f(<i>Humble Origins 3\u2013 Activists and the long march home<\/i>)\uc5d0\uc11c \uadf8 \uc544\uc774\ub514\uc5b4\ub97c \uad6c\uc0c1\ud588\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 (\u2018\ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ub300\ud559\u2019\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uacf5\uac04\uc744 \uad6c\uc131\ud558\ub294) \uc77c\uc885\uc758 \uc628\ub77c\uc778 \ud50c\ub7ab\ud3fc\uc744 \uc694\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uae30\ud68d\uc744 \ud558\uae30\ub85c \uacb0\uc2ec\ud588\uace0 \uc774\ub97c \uc2e0\uc911\ud788 \uac80\ud1a0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub8e8\ubbf8\uc624 \ud50c\ub7ab\ud3fc(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.loomio.org\"><span class=\"s2\">www.loomio.org<\/span><\/a>)\uc744 \uac80\ud1a0\ud558\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\ub2e4. \ub0b4 \uadc0\uac00 \ucad1\uae0b\ud588\ub358 \uac74 \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \ub8e8\ubbf8\uc624\uac00 \ub098\ub77c\uc640 \ubb38\ud654\ub97c \uac00\ub85c\uc9c0\ub974\ub294 \ud3ed\ub113\uace0 \ud655\uc7a5\uc801\uc778 \uc790\ubc1c\uc801 \ubd80\ubb38\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc798 \uc9dc\uc778 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\uc600\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810 \ub54c\ubb38\ub9cc\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ub610\ud55c \ub0b4\uac00 \uadf8 \uc124\uacc4\uc758 \uae30\uc800\uc5d0 \ub193\uc778 \uadf8\ub8f9 \ud504\ub85c\uc138\uc2a4\uc758 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/blog-1\/search\/posts%5C?query=#acilitation\"><span class=\"s2\">\ucd09\uc9c4<\/span><\/a>(facilitation)\uc774 \uac15\uc870\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \uc778\uc9c0\ud588\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 1970\ub144\ub300\uc5d0 \ub0b4 \uc138\ub300\uac00 \uac00\uc9c4 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\uc9c0\ud5a5\uc801\uc778 \uc561\ud2f0\ube44\uc998\uc774 \ubc1c\uacac\ud55c \uac83\ub4e4\uacfc \uadf8 \ud5cc\uc2e0\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \uac70\uc2ac\ub7ec\uac00\ub294 \ubd84\uba85\ud55c \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \uc120\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud588\ub2e4. (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/4-history\">\u2018<span class=\"s2\">4 \uc5ed\uc0ac\u2019<\/span><\/a> \ubc94\uc8fc\uc758 \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/cultural-randd\"><span class=\"s1\">\uae09\uc9c4\uc801 \ubb38\ud654\uc801 \uc5f0\uad6c\uac1c\ubc1c<\/span><\/a>\u2019\uacfc \u300e<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.wixstatic.com\/ugd\/3ed2d0_a5ee019d4969405c8dcaea506bad1de1.pdf\"><span class=\"s1\">\ub85c\ucf00\uc774\uc158<\/span><\/a>\u300f(<i>Location<\/i>)\uc758 \uc11c\uc5b8\uacfc \uc11c\ubb38\uc744 \ubcf4\ub77c.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\ud50c\ub7ab\ud3fc \uc571 \ub8e8\ubbf8\uc624\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub4e4\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ub178\ub3d9\uc790\ud611\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \ub8e8\ubbf8\uc624\ub97c \uac70\uccd0 \ub098\ub294 \uc624\ud050\ud30c\uc774 \uc6b4\ub3d9 \uc774\ud6c4 \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00\uc774\uc790 \ud574\ucee4\uc778 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub4e4\uacfc \ud611\ub3d9\uc870\ud569 \uae30\uc5c5\uac00\ub4e4\uc758 \uc5f0\ud569(\uac00\uc871?)\uc778 <a href=\"https:\/\/enspiral.com\/\"><span class=\"s1\">\uc5d4\uc2a4\ud53c\ub7f4<\/span><\/a>(Enspiral)\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud588\ub294\ub370, \uc774 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub4e4\uacfc \uae30\uc5c5\uac00\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \ucd09\uc9c4\uc740 \ud65c\ub3d9\uac00 \ubb38\ud654\uc758 \ub2f9\uc5f0\ud55c \uce21\uba74\uc774\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc774\ud6c4 \ub098\ub294 <a href=\"http:\/\/wiki.p2pfoundation.net\/Sensorica\"><span class=\"s1\">\uc388\uc18c\ub9ac\uce74<\/span><\/a>(Sensorica)<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1403_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_4');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1403_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_4');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">4)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1403_1_4\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">[\uc62e\uae34\uc774] \uc388\uc18c\ub9ac\uce74\ub294 IT \uc7a5\ube44\ub4e4 \ubc0f \ud2b9\uc218\ud55c \uac70\ubc84\ub10c\uc2a4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc791\uc5c5\ub4e4\uc744 \ud568\uaed8 \uc870\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc6b4\uc601\ud558\ub294 \ud504\ub9ac\ub79c\uc11c\ub4e4\uc758 \uac1c\ubc29\ud615 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1403_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>\uc5d0 \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud33d\ucc3d\ud558\ub294 \uc544\ub098\ud0a4\uc998\uc801-\ud574\ucee4\uc801 \uc815\uce58 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scuttlebutt.nz\/\"><span class=\"s1\">\uc2a4\ucee4\ud2c0\ubc97<\/span><\/a>(Scuttlebutt)<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1403_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_5');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1403_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_5');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">5)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1403_1_5\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">[\uc62e\uae34\uc774] \ud0c8\uc911\uc2ec\ud654\ub41c \uc18c\uc15c \ud50c\ub7ab\ud3fc\uc778 \uc2a4\ucee4\ud2c0\ubc97\uc740 \uc720\uc800\ub4e4\uc774 \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub4e4\uc744 \ud1b5\uc81c\ud558\ub294 \uc624\ud508\uc18c\uc2a4 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_5').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1403_1_5', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script> \uc778\ud504\ub77c\uc5d0, \ucf54\ub4dc <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fediverse\"><span class=\"s1\">\ud398\ub514\ubc84\uc2a4<\/span><\/a>(fediverse)<span class=\"footnote_referrer\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToReference_1403_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_6');\" onkeypress=\"footnote_moveToReference_1403_1('footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_6');\" ><sup id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_6\" class=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text\">6)<\/sup><\/a><span id=\"footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1403_1_6\" class=\"footnote_tooltip\">[\uc62e\uae34\uc774] \ud398\ub514\ubc84\uc2a4\ub294 \uc18c\uc15c \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud0b9, \ube14\ub85c\uae45, \uc6f9\uc0ac\uc774\ud2b8 \uac19\uc740 \uc6f9 \ucd9c\ud310 \ubc0f \ud30c\uc77c \ud638\uc2a4\ud305\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc11c\ubc84\ub4e4\uc758 \uc9d1\ud569\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/span><script type=\"text\/javascript\"> jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_6').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_1403_1_6', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], });<\/script>\uc5d0 (\uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 P2P \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ucf54\ub4dc\uc640 \ud504\ub85c\ud1a0\ucf5c\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ub0b4\ub294 <span style=\"font-family: 'arial black', sans-serif;\">\uc0dd\uc0b0\uc790\ub4e4<\/span>\uc5d0) \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud588\ub2e4. \ub610 \ub098\ub294 \uc624\ud050\ud30c\uc774 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 \ubc18(\u53cd)\uacfc\ub450\uc801\u00b7\uc9c1\uc811\ubbfc\uc8fc\uc8fc\uc758\uc801 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc640 \uac1c\ubc1c, \u2018\uc624\ud508 \ubc38\ub958\u2019 \uac00\uce58\uc5f0\uc1c4 \ud68c\uacc4, \u2018\uc2e0\uc18d\ud55c\u2019 \ud3ec\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud3ec\ub514\uc998\uc801 \ubb38\ud654\ud615\ud0dc\ub4e4\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ub354 \ud3ed\ub113\uc740 \ud615\uc131\uccb4\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud588\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 (\uc77c\ubcf8\uacfc \uc774\ud0c8\ub9ac\uc544\uc758 \uc720\uc5f0\uc0dd\uc0b0\uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud3ec\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud3ec\ub514\uc998\uc801 \ubc1c\uacac\uc744 \ub3c4\ub451\uc9c8\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc790\ubcf8\uc8fc\uc758 \uacf5\uae09\uccb4\uc778 \uac1c\ud601\uc5d0\uc11c \ub0b4 \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc758 \uc591\uc2dd\uc774\uc5c8\ub358) 1990\ub144\ub300\uc758 \ub098\uc758 \uacbd\uc601\ub300\ud559\uc6d0 \uacbd\ud5d8\uacfc \uadf8 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc885\ub958\uc758 \uae30\ubb18\ud558\uace0 \ubaa8\uc21c\uc801\uc778 \uacf5\uba85\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ubd84\uba85 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc740 \ub108\ubb34\ub3c4 \ub4a4\uc11e\uc774\uace0 \ud63c\ud569\ub418\uace0 \ud30c\ubb38\uc744 \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a4\uace0 \ud30c\ub450(\u6ce2\u982d)\ub4e4\uc774 \uc11c\ub85c \uac04\uc12d\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \ubd84\uba85 \uae30\uc5c5\uac00 \uc815\uc2e0\uacfc \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4 \uc0ac\uc774, \uc5f0\ub300\uc640 \ud6a8\uc728 \uc0ac\uc774, \uc561\ud2f0\ube44\uc998\uacfc \ud14c\ud06c\ub180\ub85c\uc9c0 \uc0ac\uc774, \uc815\uce58\uc640 \ub3cc\ubd04 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uc885\ub958\uc758 \uc120\uc744 \uae0b\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc18c\uc218\uc758 \uc80a\uc740 \uae09\uc9c4\uc8fc\uc758\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ud65c\ub3d9\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ub354 \uae30\uc5c5\uc801\uc774\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uace0 \uc804\ubb38\uc131\uc774 \ub354 \ub69c\ub837\uc774 \uad6c\ud68d\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uae30\ub3c4 \ud558\uba70 \uacbd\ub825\uc744 \uc911\uc2dc\ud558\uace0 \ud574\uacb0\ucc45\uc744 \u2018\ud574\ud0b9\u2019\ud558\uae30\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub294 \u2018\uc124\uacc4\u2019\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub354 \uacbd\ub3c4\ub3fc \uc788\ub294 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\ub780 \uc774\uc804 \uc138\ub300\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\uc801\uc774\uc5c8\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uadf8 \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc5d0\ub294 \u2018\ucc98\uc74c \ud560 \ub54c \uc81c\ub300\ub85c\u2019\ub77c\ub294 \uae30\uc5c5\uc801\u00b7\uacbd\uc7c1\uc801\uc778 \ubb38\ud654\uac00 \uc6b0\uc138\ud588\uace0, \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \u2018<em><span style=\"font-family: 'arial black', sans-serif;\">\uc77c\ucc0d \uc2e4\ud328\ud558\uace0 \uacc4\uc18d \uace0\uce58\uace0 \uacc4\uc18d \uac08\ub77c\uc9c0\uace0 \ubaa8\uc778\ub2e4<\/span><\/em>\u2019\ub77c\ub294 \ubb38\ud654\uac00 \uc6b0\uc138\ud558\ub2e4\u001c.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">P2P \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\ub294 \u2018\uae09\uc9c4\uacfc\ud559\u2019\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub354 \ud06c\ub2e4. (\ud3ec\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud3ec\ub514\uc998\uc774 \uae09\uc9c4\uacfc\ud559\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub354 \ub098\uc544\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4.) \uac00\uc7a5 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c P2P \ucee4\uba3c\uc988\ub294 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \ub3c5\ub9bd\ud615\uc758 \uc544\ub098\ud0a4\uc998\uc801\uc778 \ub3c4\uc2dc-\uc7a5\uc778\uc758 \uc0b6\uc5d0 \uc804\ub150\ud558\ub294 \ub300\uc548\uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0 \uacf5\ub3d9\uccb4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \u2018\uc778\uac04\uc911\uc2ec\uc801\u2019\u00b7\ucc38\uc5ec\uc801 \ub178\ub3d9\uc6b4\ub3d9\uc744 \uc9c0\ud5a5\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc5c5\uc801\u00b7\uc0b0\uc5c5\uc801 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub514\uc790\uc778\uc6b4\ub3d9\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc774\ub974\ub294 \uc800 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc758 \uae09\uc9c4\uc801 <b>\ud14c\ud06c\ub180\ub85c\uc9c0<\/b> \ubb34\uae30\uc758 \uacc4\uc2b9\uc790\uc774\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub978 \uac83\ub4e4\u2015\u2018<span class=\"s2\">4 \uc5ed\uc0ac\u2019<\/span> \ubc94\uc8fc\uc758 \u2018\uae09\uc9c4\uacfc\ud559\u2019\uc0ac, \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/3-platforming\"><span class=\"s2\">3 \ud50c\ub7ab\ud3ec\ubc0d\u2019<\/span><\/a>(3 Platforming) \ubc94\uc8fc\uc758 \u2018\ud50c\ub7ab\ud3fc \ud611\ub3d9\uc8fc\uc758\uc801\u2019 \uc561\ud2f0\ube44\uc998 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc870\uc9c1\ud654\u2015\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc791\uc5c5\uc774 \ub0b4\uac00 \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.foprop.org\/2-commoning\"><span class=\"s2\">2 \ucee4\uba38\ub2dd\u2019<\/span><\/a> \ubc94\uc8fc\uc5d0\uc11c \ucee4\uba38\ub2dd\uc758 \ud328\ud134\uc5b8\uc5b4\ub97c \ud30c\uc545\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc9d1\uc911\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uc774\uc720\uae30\ub294 \ud558\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \ub098\ub294 1970\ub144\ub300 \u300e\uae09\uc9c4\uacfc\ud559\uc800\ub110\u300f(<i>Radical Science Journal<\/i>)\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc2e0\ub9d1\uc2a4\uc801 \ub178\ub3d9\uacfc\uc815 \uc774\ub860\ud654\uac00 1970\ub144\ub300 \uae09\uc9c4\uc801 \uc804\ubb38\uc9c1\uc8fc\uc758\uc640 \ubc00\uc811\ud788 \uc5f0\uad00\ub410\ub358 \uac83\uacfc \uaf2d \ub9c8\ucc2c\uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc774\ub860\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ubaa8\ud5d8\uc774 (\ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c <em><span style=\"font-family: 'arial black', sans-serif;\">\ubb38\ud654\uc720\ubb3c\ub860\uc801<\/span><\/em> \uae30\ucd08 \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c) \uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc758 P2P \ucee4\uba3c\uc988 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uacfc \ubc00\uc811\ud788 \uad00\ub828\ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ucd94\ud638\ub3c4 \uc758\uc2ec\uce58 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc \uc774\uc81c\ub294 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc758 \uc7a5\uc774 \ub354 \ud06c\uace0 \uac78\ub824\uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ub354 \ucee4\uc84c\uc73c\uba70 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb38\ud654\uc801 \ub3c4\uc804\uc774 \ub354 \ubd84\uba85\ud558\uace0 \uacb0\uc815\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub098 \uc788\ub2e4. 1970\ub144\ub300 \ub9d0\uc5d0 \ubca0\uc774\ube44\ubd80\uba38\ub4e4\uc774 \ub300\uba74\ud588\ub358 \u2018\ub2e8\ud3b8\ub4e4\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4\uc11c\u2019\ub77c\ub294 \uacfc\uc81c\uac00 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud615\ud0dc\ub4e4\uc744 \ucd9c\ud604\uc2dc\ucf30\ub2e4. \uc0c1\ud669\uc740 \ubcc0\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4. \u2018\uc138 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc6b4\ub3d9\u2019\uc774 \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b4\ub5a8 \uac83\uc778\uc9c0\ub294 \uc544\ubb34\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ub978\ub2e4. \uc911\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\uc758 STS \ub3d9\ub8cc\uc778 \ub8e8\uc2dc \uac00\uc624\ub294 40\ub144 \ud6c4\uc5d0\uc57c \u2018\ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc6b4\ub3d9\u2019 \uc5c6\uc774 \uccb4\uc81c\ud654\ub41c \ubb34\uc775\ud55c \uccab\uc9f8 \uc6b4\ub3d9\ub9cc\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uba70 1980\ub144\ub300 \ud6c4\ubc18\uc758 \u2018\uc704\ub300\ud55c \uacc4\ubabd\u2019\uc758 \uc5ec\ud30c\ub85c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud3ec\ub514\uc998\uc758 \ud30c\ub3c4\ub4e4\uc774 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc640 \uacbd\uc81c\uc758 \uc4f0\ub098\ubbf8\ub85c \ubd95\uad34\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\ud0dc\ub97c \ub9de\uc774\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\uc5ec\ud558\ud2bc \uadf8\ub807\ub2e4, \uac8c\ub9ac. \ub9d1\uc2a4\uc8fc\uc758\ub97c \uacc4\uc2b9\ud558\ub294 \uc138 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uae09\uc9c4\uacfc\ud559 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \uc788\ub2e4! \uadf8\uac74 \ub354 \ub098\uc740 \uac83\uc77c \uc218\ubc16\uc5d0 \uc5c6\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2663<\/p>\n<div class=\"pdfprnt-buttons pdfprnt-buttons-post pdfprnt-bottom-right\"><a href=\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F1403&print=pdf\" class=\"pdfprnt-button pdfprnt-button-pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><img src=\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/wp-content\/plugins\/pdf-print\/images\/pdf.png\" alt=\"image_pdf\" title=\"View PDF\" \/><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fposts%2F1403&print=print\" class=\"pdfprnt-button pdfprnt-button-print\" target=\"_blank\"><img src=\"http:\/\/commonstrans.net\/wp-content\/plugins\/pdf-print\/images\/print.png\" alt=\"image_print\" title=\"Print Content\" \/><\/a><\/div><div class=\"speaker-mute footnotes_reference_container\"> <div class=\"footnote_container_prepare\"><p><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_label pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_1403_1();\">References<\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button\" style=\"display: none;\" onclick=\"footnote_expand_collapse_reference_container_1403_1();\">[<a id=\"footnote_reference_container_collapse_button_1403_1\">+<\/a>]<\/span><\/p><\/div> <div id=\"footnote_references_container_1403_1\" style=\"\"><table class=\"footnotes_table footnote-reference-container\"><caption class=\"accessibility\">References<\/caption> <tbody> \r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_1\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1403_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_1');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>1<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">STS : Science and Technology Studies<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_2\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1403_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_2');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>2<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">4S : Society for Social Studies of Science<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_3\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1403_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_3');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>3<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">PMC : Professional-Managerial Class<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_4\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" onclick=\"footnote_moveToAnchor_1403_1('footnote_plugin_tooltip_1403_1_4');\"><a role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" class=\"footnote_plugin_link\" ><span class=\"footnote_index_arrow\">&#8593;<\/span>4<\/a><\/th> <td class=\"footnote_plugin_text\">[\uc62e\uae34\uc774] \uc388\uc18c\ub9ac\uce74\ub294 IT \uc7a5\ube44\ub4e4 \ubc0f \ud2b9\uc218\ud55c \uac70\ubc84\ub10c\uc2a4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uadf8\ub4e4\uc758 \uc791\uc5c5\ub4e4\uc744 \ud568\uaed8 \uc870\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc6b4\uc601\ud558\ub294 \ud504\ub9ac\ub79c\uc11c\ub4e4\uc758 \uac1c\ubc29\ud615 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\uc774\ub2e4.<\/td><\/tr>\r\n\r\n<tr class=\"footnotes_plugin_reference_row\"> <th scope=\"row\" id=\"footnote_plugin_reference_1403_1_5\" class=\"footnote_plugin_index pointer\" 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